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The crosstalk between brain infiltrating T cells and microglia in response to stroke remains elusive. Benakis et al. report that transcriptional signature of the stroke-associated microglia is reprogrammed by distinct T cell subpopulations. Engineered T cells overexpressing IL-10 administered four hours after stroke reinitiate microglial transcriptomic profile inducing a pro-regenerative environment. CD45+CD11b+ cells sorted from the ipsilateral hemisphere in naïve mice or 5 d after stroke in WT ...